European Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

European Economics - Essay Example In any case, this has bolstered unreasonable rural parts. In this way, after three changes in 1992, 1999 and 2003 it has been diminished to 45%, which is 55 billion euro for each year, with the possibility of further decreases as to new long haul EU spending plan of 2014 †2020. (EC. 2005; Doliak, 2004; Europa, 2011) There were two mainstays of CAP. The principal column was the current Single Farm Payment while the proportions of the subsequent column expected to help advancement and expansion of provincial networks. The CAP Health Check was propelled in 2008, in order to modernize the strategy and give help when offering an explanation to new difficulties, for example, atmosphere changes. The EU 27 additionally consented to additionally slice direct appropriations to ranchers, so that there can be advantage of the rustic improvement strategy and furthermore toâ abolish standards on milk creation. (ELO. 2001; EC., 2003) The eventual fate of CAP past 2010 in setting of the genera l change of EU spending plan has begun in 2010. The European Commission featured the way that agribusiness must accomplish more to alleviate atmosphere changes and think about the choice to build up the third mainstay of CAP concentrating on this issue. Additionally it focused on that the current single installment plan could by kept up yet focused at giving open products to genuine EU included worth. Previous official Marian Fischer Bowl has focused on the ranchers to carbon emanation will be diminished by 20 % constantly 2020. (Europa, 2011) The greatest beneficiary of CAP reserves was France. The biggest per capita recipients from CAP were Greece and Ireland. Each of the four graduated nations were net recipients of EU financial plan and CAP subsidizing. Toward the beginning of February 2010, the priests of farming of Hungary, Slovakia, Poland, Romania, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Cyprus and Bulgaria concurred in Warsaw on normal articulation on the fate of CAP after 2013. They n eeded the two columns to be saved. They likewise restricted to putting together the installment level with respect to recorded guideline. The financial emergency truly assaulted the European agrarian part, particularly the Dairy Farming. Homestead milk costs started to fall in late 2008 until it brought the entire division at the edge. Europe was an observer of a few fights of ranchers calling for activity against unpredictability of costs and eliminating milk amounts at the earliest opportunity, because of surplus creation of milk and dairy items and falling costs. (Europa, 2011) In around 2020, the European Commission will distribute a Communication on CAP which will meet the food, normal assets and regional difficulties sooner rather than later. The change centered in making the European agribusiness part progressively unique, serious, and successful in reacting to the Europe 2020 vision of animating reasonable development, brilliant development and comprehensive development. The paper sketched out three alternatives for additional changes. In mid 2011, the Commission will introduce formal administrative proposition following the conversation on these thoughts. (Europa, 2011) based on the Communication today, the Commissioner of EU Agriculture and Rural Development featured on the significance of making CAP greener, more pleasant, increasingly productive and progressively viable. According to him, CAP won't be only for ranchers however for all the EU residents †as customers and citizens. Consequently, it is significant that we structure our arrangement in a manner which will all the more essentially

Transformational leadership on World health care Essay Example for Free

Transformational initiative on World social insurance Essay Presentation  â â â â â â â â â â Transformational initiative can be characterized and used dependent on explicit or relative conditions from multiple points of view. For one, it tends to be surveyed as the assignment of basically expanding the productivity of everybody through a plan of greatness for the entire organization or the improvement of the resolve of an individual representative. The fundamental supposition behind this methodology is that when representatives of a specific organization or association are working their assignments productively, the sum and nature of work done are relatively influenced. Generally, workers that are progressively effective convert into far more prominent alternatives and bigger advantages. The connection is subsequently a significant viewpoint in the administration abilities of the heads of different organizations and associations.  â â â â â â â â â â For the most part, transformational administration can be utilized as an instrument not just in breaking down the significant parts of world social insurance yet in addition in straightforwardly tending to the cases that shape the totality of the occasions identified with the expansive extent of worldwide human services. The complexities engaged with the cross-mainland the board and support of the huge number of interrelated capacities.  â â â â â â â â â â The errand of meeting the various social insurance benefits over the various pieces of the world that desperately need quick activity calls forward a methodology whereby the working of the wide number of medicinal services specialist organizations are proficiently met. Transformational administration, following its fundamental rule, offers implies in which the undertakings required in tending to world human services are met. Taking note of further that transformational authority suitably scatters the capacities of the representatives and, therefore, the various divisions or organizations that contain the entire of the organization, the utilization of this methodology on the different issues that are associated with the worldwide field of human services may in the end help mitigate the worldwide test joined to world social insurance. An investigate transformational initiative  â â â â â â â â â â Transformational authority, fundamentally, implies the job of the â€Å"leader† in coordinating the remainder of their subordinates in a fitting way that will achieve positive outcomes to the working of each representative, division, and of the entire organization all the while. In any case, the obvious impact of the job of the pioneer on the subordinates in the organization can be additionally watched and broke down from a closer assessment on what makes a pioneer ready to influence his subordinates separated from the manager subordinate relationship (Antonakis House, 2001).  â â â â â â â â â â One perspective that isolates transformational initiative significantly better than the rest is that it characterizes the degree to which a pioneer is viewed as charming to his subordinates. The center standard behind this is pioneers should regard their subordinates or workers as people who are likewise equipped for having an independent perspective, or people who are mentally animating (Tichy Devanna, 2001).  â â â â â â â â â â By treating the lower â€Å"ranks† or divisions of the organization as elements able to do really influencing the scholarly heading of the organization, the representatives won't only fill in as aloof components in the childhood of the organization yet as dynamic components fit for filling that scholarly bowl their insight on the issues of the organization.  â â â â â â â â â â The outcome will be that the endeavors of the pioneer in managing the course of the organization will be intensified since the workers are treated in a way in which they are associated with the basic procedures. Additionally, a great chief will achieve an uplifted feeling of life into the organization. The job of transformational initiative in world human services  â â â â â â â â â â World medicinal services has been an essential worry among the worldwide network for as long as barely any years. Numerous elements are ascribed to the developing worry over the issues that are legitimately identified with the issues that plague world social insurance.  â â â â â â â â â â Among the different nations that are in profound need of human services, those that have a place with the underdeveloped nations are generally striking. See that these nations come up short on the inside ability to fund and bolster a developing interest for human services, these countries likewise have a moderately low methods in accomplishing at any rate great wellbeing for a little part of the populace. An exceptionally set number of foundations and projects that are planned for tending to the medicinal services issues of these countries intensify the radical circumstance much more.  â â â â â â â â â â This is the point wherein the global network has turned to measures that will look to address the present medical problems that assail the residents of nations experiencing low-wellbeing support. Generally, the universal network has joined endeavors in searching out the most ideal methods in settling these worldwide medical problems. The ensuing impact to this is the production of different worldwide foundations that work on the neighborhood levels of different nations.  â â â â â â â â â â Since the activities of these worldwide foundations are tilted on a large number of neighborhoods, is obvious that various laborers are believed to deal with these nearby tasks. In this light, the job of a transitional initiative is expected to take its shape.  â â â â â â â â â â By having a transitional authority in the administration of the considerable number of issues taken by the different foundations, the chance of having a full line of effective organizations can occur. That is, by treating all the workers who will deal with the errands comparative with the particular establishments in these universal wellbeing workplaces as people fit for adding to the research organization process, the procedure will be additionally animated. These people, as partakers in the basic reasoning procedure, are additionally engaged and get a higher job in the worldwide exertion of settling world medicinal services issues.  â â â â â â â â â â On the neighborhood level, these working people can be additionally guided by the assignments by consigning a pioneer whose mystique gives beneficial outcomes to the working mentality and reasoning of the representatives. Consequently, the usage of wellbeing arrangements from these different worldwide foundations turns into a simple and proficient errand for the situation where representatives have practically no rebellion to the execution of the assignments. End Unmistakably more critically, transitional administration permits the advancement of the representatives as far as their self-improvement and in their working mentality. It contributes the universal endeavors in settling the issues that plague world human services in light of the fact that the worldwide network works on the nearby level or in the territories with unforeseen weakness conditions, particularly in networks having a place with the underdeveloped nations. References Antonakis, J., House, R. J. (2001). Transformational Leadership. In B. J. Avolio F. Yammarino (Eds.), Transformational and Charismatic Leadership (pp. 3-66): JAI Press. Bhargava, S. (2003). Transformational Leadership: Value Based Management for Indian Organizations: Sage Publications Pvt. Ltd. Ginter, P. M., Duncan, W. J., Sappington, A. A., Swayne, L. E. (2005). Key Management of Health Care Organizations (5 ed.): Blackwell Publishing Incorporated. Doorman, M. E., Teisberg, E. O. (2006). Reclassifying Health Care: Creating Value-Based Competition on Results (1 ed.): Harvard Business School Press. Tichy, N. M., Devanna, M. A. (2001). The Themes, The Protagonists, The Transformational Drama. In Transformational Leader (2 ed., pp. 8): Wiley.

Blog Archive MBA News Beyoncé Case Study at Harvard

Blog Archive MBA News Beyoncé Case Study at Harvard Beyoncé certainly qualifies as a successful, global brandâ€"so we were hardly surprised to learn that Harvard Business School (HBS) students are now studying her. On December 13, 2013, Beyoncé changed the music world with the surprise iTunes release of a new self-titled album. Beyoncéâ€"which contains 14 tracks and 17 videosâ€"sold more than 600,000 copies in just the first three days. An album of this magnitude is incredibly time-consuming, requiring a large amount of planning and work, yet the singer and those close to her somehow managed to keep the huge undertaking a secret. Harvard Professor of Business Administration Anita Elberse teamed with HBS alumna Stacie Smith (MBA ’14) to develop a case study on the phenomenon. The 27-page report explores Beyoncé’s early career, the founding of her company (Parkwood Entertainment), her role as a CEO, and the path that led her to drop a metaphorical bomb on the album release process. Elberse will use the case study as part of her Strategic Marketing in Creative Industries course. To learn more about the research, read the full Billboard articleâ€"or see the pre-study press release in the Harvard Gazette. Share ThisTweet Harvard University (Harvard Business School) News

AJAX Why Asynchronous Is Almost Always Better

AJAX, which stands for  asynchronous  JavaScript  and  XML, is a technique that allows web pages to be updated asynchronously, which means that the browser doesnt need to reload the entire page when only a small bit of data on the page has changed. AJAX passes only the updated information  to and from the server. Standard web applications process interactions between web visitors and the server synchronously. This means that one thing happens after another; the server does not multitask. If you click a button, the message is sent to the server, and the response is returned. You cannot interact with any other page elements until the response is received and the page is updated.   Obviously, this kind of delay can negatively affect a web visitors experience  Ã¢â‚¬â€ hence, AJAX. What Is AJAX? AJAX is not a programming language, but a technique that incorporates a client-side script (i.e. a script that runs in a users browser) that communicates with a web server. Further, its name is somewhat misleading: while an AJAX application might use XML to send data, it could also use just plain text or JSON text. But generally, it uses an  XMLHttpRequest object in your browser to request data from the server and JavaScript to display the data. AJAX: Synchronous or Asynchronous AJAX can access the server both synchronously and asynchronously: Synchronously, in which the script stops and waits for the server to send back a reply before continuing.Asynchronously, in which the script allows the page to continue to be processed and handles the reply if and when it arrives. Processing your request synchronously is similar to reloading the page, but only the requested information is downloaded instead of the entire page. Therefore, using AJAX synchronously is faster than not using it at all  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  but it still requires your visitor to  wait for the download to occur before any further interaction with the page can proceed. People know that they sometimes need to wait for a page to load, but most folks are not used to continued, significant delays after they are on a site.   Processing your request asynchronously avoids the delay while the retrieval from the server takes place  because your visitor can continue to interact with the web page; the requested information will be processed in the background and the response will update the page as and when it arrives. Further, even if a response is delayed — for example, in the case of very large  data  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  site visitors may not realize it because they are occupied elsewhere on the page. Therefore, the preferred way to use AJAX is to use asynchronous calls wherever possible. This is the default setting in AJAX.   Why Use Synchronous AJAX? If asynchronous calls provide such an improved user experience, why does AJAX offer a way to make synchronous calls at all? While asynchronous calls are the best choice the vast majority of the time, there are rare situations in which it doesnt make sense to allow your visitor to continue interacting with the web page until a particular server-side process completes. In many of these cases, it may be better to not use AJAX at all and instead just reload the entire page. The synchronous option in AJAX is there for the small number of situations in which you cant use an asynchronous call but reloading the entire page is unnecessary. For example, you might need to handle some transaction processing in which the order is important. Consider a case in which a web page needs to return a confirmation page after the user clicked something. This task requires synchronizing the requests.

German Culture A Unique Blend Of The Old And New

German culture is a unique blend of the old and new. The large separation between the formal professional life and the informal private life amongst its people creates a country that is steeped in tradition, but also very forward thinking and evolving. While German is the official language of Germany, it is not the only language spoken in Germany. Many Germans claim to speak at least one other language. As of 2011, at least 92.8 of German students were learning English and/or French in general programs and much of the population is bilingual or somewhat familiar with another language.(Eurostat, 2014) The German language does not share many similarities with English. Some words come from Latin and Greek, while fewer come from French and†¦show more content†¦While politicians occasionally make calls to return to this set of ideals, it has come under some fire. Many criticize it saying that they do not give any room for sciences or art, and others criticize it for being very militaristic. However, these ideals can still be seen in the usual customs and etiquette. Germans tend to have a clearly defined separation between their personal and professional lives. Both sides tend to be very structured. In their professional lives, Germans are very respectful, formal and punctual, often exemplifying Prussian virtues. It is seen as very rude to speak informally to someone who is not a close friend or family member, or hasn’t given permission to use the informal forms of words. It is also seen as rude to not make a point of using someone’s title and/or surname when addressing them. As part of the idea of separation between private and professional life, the home is a very private place in Germany. It is not often that individuals outside of close friends or family are invited in so it might be more acceptable to schedule meetings in a more public setting. If someone outside of the familiar group is invited into the home, it is customary to wait to be asked to enter and to bring some kind of small gift. While there are clear signs of strong professional values, Germans also have a reputation for being forward thinking and very supportive of modern civil movements. Germans are known for having

High School Activities Worth Joining Essay - 989 Words

Badass U Articles Summary High School Activities Worth Joining So you are going to be in or currently in high school. Great! These can be the best years of your life. You better make the most of it. These activities are a great way to get social (especially if you are an introvert). So don’t skip them while in high school. A Sport, Any Sport! Before you say you aren’t a jock, just hear me out. You are young and probably injury-free. This is the BEST time to get into the shape of your life. You don’t want to start when you are in your 20s or 30s. You will be so far behind by then you’ll probably never catch up. Besides, even by then you might have chronic injuries you are fighting. Trust me, your body will just get more and more injuries as you get older. Anyone can tell you consistency is key to getting into shape. And once you get into college and your career, you’ll find out being consistent on your own is virtually impossible. Life just gets in the way. But in high school, you have to go to class every day and if your class is a sport, you’ll never miss a workout. â€Å"But I don’t want to get injured!† I completely understand. Injuries, especially chronic ones, are some of the most frustrating and depressing things you’ll experience in life. The simple solution is to join a sport that is relatively injury free such as tennis, swimming, golf, and dance if they offer it. Yes, you can get injured in these sports, but it is not like football where you can literally breakShow MoreRelatedIs College Worth A College?1254 Words   |  6 Pagesleaving prospective students to ask â€Å"Is College Worth It?† college education is beneficial in that it teaches students valuable life lessons in responsibility, prepares students to enter the workforce and can be relatively inexpensive. The eduction is â€Å"college education† is worth every penny but America has created clichà ©s to define the college experience which are expensive and unnecessary. In a radical new world a college education is required in many high paying jobs, which leads to the question â€Å"IsRead MoreT he Importance Of High School Experience1647 Words   |  7 PagesEveryone has had a general High School experience, or has been homeschooled, because it is the law. â€Å"The American high school, an institution with which most adults in the United States have at least a passing familiarity, has existed in largely the same form for the past 150 years, enduring continuing struggles to determine its form and function. Yet, despite such struggles, it goes about its primary duty of educating the young citizens of our nation.† (Erb). It is 4 years long, and starts fromRead MoreReflection Paper On Public Schools And Private Schools1046 Words   |  5 PagesReflection Paper High school. For all, its the two words that outs you on a nostalgic trip down memory lane. For some it, brings us down a happy trip, for others, it make us cringe overtime someone mentions high school in a sentence. It all depends on your â€Å"background† in high school. There’s always been this argument present stating the difference between public schools and private schools. Its been said that the students attending private schools. Yes, I can say the public school system has partiallyRead MoreCollege Hazing1417 Words   |  6 PagesThere is no better way to interact and find new friends than to join a fraternity. Fraternities come with a high cost though. Hazing is one of the biggest concerns on college campuses these days. Hazing in universities across the nation has become an increasingly dangerous ritual that is seemingly becoming more difficult to put an end to due to its development into an â€Å"underground† activity. The major cause of hazing are the students’ wanting to be accepted, and they will do just about anything toRead MoreThe Importance Of College Education853 Words   |  4 PagesWhere would most High School Graduates see themselves in a few short years? Majority of people would predict that they would be doing nothing although, with the proper amount of encouragement, one can do wonders. Not just for them, but for their country, and for their families. Also what they chose to do, and in how many years will more so ever change the way of this life and this world. Whether or not individuals will be thrust into this humongous world of uncertainty, High School Graduates will soonRead MoreYoung People Join Gangs For Social And Economic Reasons Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pagesgrows up playing the victim, blaming society for his downfalls and shortcomings instead of taking responsibility for his or her own actions (Leet, 2000, pp. 10). 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Personality

Question: Describe about the Personality? Answer: The personality elaborated in context to the behavioural perspectives including psychosocial conduct and patterns pertaining to the thought process and temperament influenced by the individuals immediate environment and relationships. Burger (2011:p.4) discusses personality with reference to the behavioural and situational perspectives associated with a high degree of variation among individuals across the globe. Indeed, the behavioural outcomes related to the differences between people in terms of their traits and interpersonal characteristics. The development of personality in an individual influenced by numerous psychosocial circumstances including the patterns of upbringing, family environment, relationship profile, thought process and experiences of life processes. John et al (2008:p.7) explores personality in the light of evidence based literature supporting the contention of the cumulative effect of personality traits in developing the behavioural patterns and cognition of the studied population. The psychological parameters including multidisciplinary and psychometric approaches utilized in scientific studies to understand the relationship of cognition and mental hygiene with the personality traits of humans. The clinical trials conducted to evaluate the personality approaches attempted to study the psychosocial profile in terms of behavioural patterns and habits in determining the personality characteristics of the individuals across various developed and developing countries of the world. Matthews et al (2009:p.231) discuss the evidence based relationship of the human personality with the learning outcomes in context to the socialized environment. The personality indeed, not considered solely as a congenital instinct by the perspectives of social constructivism. The persons innate characteristics influenced by the social discourse, learning and cognition constitute the variable traits attributing to the personality development across the stages of life. The lexical approach for evaluating personality believes in determining the individual characteristics in context to the conscious responses, mood orientation and interpersonal conflicts by utilizing psychometric tools and factorial analysis (Duffy, 2009:p.216). This theory indeed, contends the relevance of clinical aspects in context to the personality development in human population. French (1992:p.330) describes the etiology of cardiovascular and psychosocial diseases in context to the patterns of personality traits evaluated in humans. The personality traits developed while experiencing stressful situations and psychological conflicts profoundly predispose the affected population to psycho-physiological morbidities. However, the psychosocial approach regarding per sonality focus on evaluating the societal implications on the individual characteristics of people residing in a geographical confinement. The empirical studies conducted by psychologists uncover the social circumstances related to the personal relationships, social utilities and independence determining the elements of personality among the target population (Carducci, 2009:p.199). Caprara Cervone (2000:p.108) describe the relationship of situational factors with the personality development of the individuals exposed to variable circumstances. The circumstantial factors in context to the individual variables result in the development of personality traits under the influence of persons immediate socio-cultural environments. The social circumstances, mechanisms and trends influence the temperament and cognition of the individuals leading to the outcomes in terms of functionally distinct units attributing to the elements of personality. Weinberg Gould (2015:p.48) explore the components of personality in terms of situational perspectives. The psychosocial outcomes influenced by various situations affect the levels of personality while affecting the degree of the individuals flexibility in acclimatizing with the surroundings in terms of physical environment and societal alterations. The psychological traits indeed assign the components of adaptability and percept ion in context to the situational demand leading to acquisition and consequent display of spontaneous and controlled behavioural patterns displayed by the studied population, as evident from the research studies. The rational traits of personality vary proportionately with the behavioural patterns under the influence of interpersonal and situational circumstances. Caplan (2007:p.320) describes personality as a differential function of the situational elements and temperamental traits leading to the sustained patterns of behaviour following the interactional situations. However, Mills et al (2007:p.97) further elaborate the interactional approach while revealing the organizational environments as the outcomes of the personality traits of the individuals executing the operational processes. Indeed, the patterns of interaction between the people and their immediate environment determine the personality traits in terms of behavioural outcomes influenced by the situational variations. Ha slam (2007:p.128) discusses the cognitive perspectives while analyzing the personality outcomes by employing psychoanalytic and biological tools. The cognitive approach contends the perspective of the influence of individual experiences on the subjective patterns of personality in terms of developing skills and knowledge to interpret the situational challenges and proactively perceive the circumstantial outcomes for the acquisition of potential to execute programmed strategic responses for accomplishing the long and short duration goals. McMurran Howard (2009:p.86) illustrate the narcissistic personality in terms of the characteristics including self-admiration and envy under the influence of situational circumstances. Indeed, the lack of self-gratification and social deformations primarily attribute to interpersonal conflicts leading to sustained patterns of rage and empathy among the affected individuals. The development of these pessimistic characteristics leads to the patterns of fragility and behavioural instability resulting in psychosomatic disorders. Ewen (1998:p.1918) discusses the Freudian approach for analysing personality patterns among the target population. The Freudian theory considers personality in terms of the unconsciously acquired traits exhibiting considerable degree of variation among individuals following the psychosocial circumstances. The evidence based clinical literature explores the dark aspects of personality attributing to the destructive characteristics resulting in criminal orientatio n and antisocial conduct. Indeed, the cause and effect relationship in context to the mental hygiene favours the disposition of the integrative influence of numerous factors on the psychosomatic outcomes of the affected individuals. These outcomes indeed, determine the personality traits of the individuals from the psychosocial perspective. The traits of personality often remain inconsistent and exhibit the state of variability from the onset of infancy until the acquisition of adulthood and the subsequent stages of life. Morris et al (2008:p.453) further describes the psychodynamic perspectives in context to exploring personality under the influence of internal environment and interpersonal conflicts. The contention reveals the philosophy pertaining to the development of uncontrolled personality traits under situational influences. Burger (2011a:pp.6-7) discusses the etiology of the abnormal behavioural outcomes affecting the personality of the affected individuals. Indeed, the psy chological disorders including anxiety and depression lead to the patterns of aggression resulting in development of pessimistic personality traits among the people exposed to the stressful psychosocial circumstances. Hiriyappa (2012) describes personality as the function of behavioural variation affected by the situational circumstances. The multidimensional models of personality approaches consider the personality characteristics as unconscious responses subjected to the situational influxes. The complex personality traits develop under the influence of intrinsic forces leading to unique and individualized patterns of behaviour, perception and coping strategies in context to the circumstantial and environmental variations. The determination of personality traits following the theoretical abstractions lead to the contention of the influence of biological propensity in personality alterations between the human societies. The research findings evident in the clinical literature reveal the genomic influences on the personality traits under variable environmental situations. The genetic profile of the individuals predisposes them toward predefined patterns of personality, as evident by the clinical l iterature. The personality characteristics follow the patterns of sustained development leading to psychological gratification and professional enhancement under the influence of optimistic attitude followed by lifes favourable psychosocial circumstances. However, the circumstantial disparity adversely influences the behavioural patterns leading to antisocial orientation and psychological instability among the affected individuals. These psychosocial variations and interpersonal conflicts result in severe personality disorders resulting in unstable relationships and impulsivity leading to borderline personality disorder (Gunderson Hoffman, 2005:pp.1-6). Therefore, the homeostasis between the personality traits highly warranted from the psychological viewpoint to maintain the state of mental hygiene, psychosomatic wellness, and the ability to cope with stressful situations and adverse circumstances. Engler (2014:pp. 187-88) proposes the contention of empiricism in context to evaluat ing personality traits in the light of behavioural theories. The concepts of experimental psychology elaborate the behavioural outcomes with respect to the individualized learning processes followed by lifes experiences and circumstances. Dweck (2000:p.47) presents the findings from various self-theories to explore the influence of behavioural traits on the personality outcomes of the studied population. Indeed, the strategies pertaining to motivation and enhancement of self-esteem assist in the development of positive personality traits resulting in better cognitive outcomes and increased capabilities to prosper and cope with the stressful conditions. Ellis Abrams (2009:p. 316) describe Carl Rogers phenomenological approach in context to the personality traits in humans. The theory considers the personality development process as the direct outcome of the sustained individualized interactions with the immediate environment. The perceptions of experiences and situations, interpersonal relationships and rational approaches to understand and interpret lifes complex circumstances constitute the essential ingredients determining the patterns of personality traits among the human population across the globe. Spillane Mar tin (2005:pp.51-52) supports the contention in context to the impact of sociological factors in developing behavioural patterns leading to the consequent personality outcomes among the individuals. Indeed, the temperamental traits, physical environment, religion, perspective, culture, ideology and goals determine the personality outcomes in the socialized environment leading to diversification of personalities among the human population. Therefore, the variations of personality in humans attribute to the diversification in behavioural outcomes following the gradual and sustained interactions with the socialized environment. The analysis of the personality traits warrants evaluating temperamental and behavioural outcomes in context to the situational influences and societal interactions. Contrarily, the concept of genetic predisposition of individuals in acquiring predefined patterns of personality disregards the contention of acquisition of personality traits following influence of the immediate surroundings. However, the wider perspectives of psychosocial approaches reveal the influence of intrinsic forces and societal implications on the temperamental outcomes leading to interpersonal variations and personality diversification. The environmental variations, cultural influences, mental hygiene, biological profile and experiences profoundly influence the personality traits and behavioural patterns of the individuals in any geographical confinement. The traumatic episodes, physical abnormalities, mental disturbances and domestic violence result in producing behavioural disorders leading to pessimistic attitude and negative personality. Moreover, the factors including cultural ramifications, family environment, financial implications and education level contribute to the behavioural diversity of the human population across the globe. The differences in personality traits followed by environmental and cultural variations provide the scope for conducting analytical studies in further evaluating the cultural and social determinants of human personality. Indeed, the constitutional framework (pertaining to the geographical regions), traditions, societal norms, familial factors, socialization processes, relationship patterns, professional life, circumstantial pressures and cognitive traits are some of the important determinants of behavioural outcomes leading to the variable patterns of personality amo ng humans. References Burger, J 2011, Personality (8th edn.), Wadsworth-Cengage, USA Burger, J 2011a, Personality (8th edn.), Wadsworth-Cengage, USA Caplan, G 2007, BTEC National Sport, Book 1 (2nd edn.), Heinemann, UK Caprara, G Cervone, D 2000, Personality: Determinants, Dynamics, and Potentials, Cambridge, UK Carducci, B 2009, The Psychology of Personality: Viewpoints, Research, and Applications (2nd edn.), Wiley-Blackwell, UK Duffy, V 2009, Digital Human Modeling, Springer, USA Dweck, C 2000, Self-theories: Their Role in Motivation, Personality, and Development, Psychology-Press, NY Ellis, A Abrams, M 2009, Personality Theories: Critical Perspectives, Sage, USA Engler, B 2014, Personality Theories (9th edn.), Wadsworth-Cengage, USA Ewen, R 1998, Personality: A Topical Approach: Theories, Research, Major Controversies, and Emerging Findings, Erlbaum, New Jersey French, S 1992, Physiotherapy a Psychosocial Approach, Butterworth-Heinemann, London Gunderson, J Hoffman, P 2005, Understanding and Treating Borderline Personality Disorder: A Guide for Professionals and Families, American Psychiatric Publishing, USA Haslam, N 2007, Introduction to Personality and Intelligence, Sage, London Hiriyappa, B (2012), Development of Personality and Its Theories, Booktango, Bloomington John, O, Robins, R Pervin, L 2008, Handbook of Personality, Third Edition: Theory and Research (3rd edn.), New York Matthews, G, Deary, I Whiteman, M 2009, Personality Traits (3rd edn.), Cambridge, New York McMurran, M Howard, R 2009, Personality, Personality Disorder and Violence: An Evidence Based Approach, Wiley, UK Mills, J, Bratton, J Forshaw, C 2007, Organizational Behaviour in a Global Context, Broadview, Toronto Morris, C Maisto, A 2008, Understanding Psychology, McGraw-Hill, USA Spillane, R Martin, J 2005, Personality and Performance: Foundations for Managerial Psychology, University of New South Wales, Australia Weinberg, R Gould, D 2015, Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology (6th edn.), Human Kinetics, USA

Strategic Reorganization of Incoming Call Centre

Media language accelerates recovery - Emphasis

Media language accelerates recovery Media language accelerates recovery The increasing use of the word recovery in the press during the recent financial crisis may have contributed to the UKs eventual climb out of recession, new research from Emphasis has found. This unique project the second from the Emphasis Research Centre began as a positive alternative to The Economists R-word index, which predicts economic downturns by tracking the use of the word recession. The research charts the use of the term recovery (along with green shoots) in the British broadsheets during the recent recession and the months leading up to it. It reveals what appears to be a significant link between the number of press articles mentioning the word and climbs in both the FTSE 100 and Nationwide Consumer Confidence Index. The sudden increase in the use of recovery actually began long before any real sign of one existed. In fact, the UK was sliding further into recession and the markets were in freefall at the time. But the continued and ever-increasing reference to a tentative recovery may have helped precipitate a slight return to form, as both indexes began to rise slowly in February 2009. Other factors undeniably played a part in renewed faith in the markets. The stimulus package announced in November 2008, the start of quantitative easing the following March, and the G20 summit in April 2009 are all likely to have influenced confidence. And mentions of recovery, though regular, were often far from positive. Yet the apparent link between the rise in newspapers references to recovery and the fluctuations in both the FTSE 100 and Consumer Confidence Index during the most intense periods of the economic crisis seem significant. It could be that merely repeating the word recovery, like a mantra, somehow seeped into the subconscious of both the public and the market, says Rob Ashton, Chief Executive of Emphasis. This may be an example of journalists creating the news as well as reporting it. Download the full Recovery Watch research report here. Download the press release here.

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Business Law - Essay Example 2 In order to have a valid contract, an offer must sufficiently be accepted. In this case when Simon ordered the 20 coffee machines, there was already a valid offer to purchase the said product from the wholesaler. In order that the contract may be perfected, what is needed is the valid acceptance of the wholesaler. But since the wholesaler made no reply since the offer to purchase on Thursday, Simon had every right to change his mind. When Simon sent a telefax canceling his order on Tuesday thereafter, there was still no perfected contract. The general rule is, once the acceptance is made, the offerror can no longer revoke the offer. But the acceptance becomes binding on the offerree only when it reaches the offeror. In this case the telefax was sent on Tuesday, while the letter of acceptance, confirming the order was received the next day. In order for the contract to be valid, acceptance of the offer is needed to create legal rights and duties arising from such agreement. In this case Simon has revoked his offer prior having knowledge of the acceptance the next day. In the case of Entores Ltd. v Miles Far East Corporation (1955)3, where the parties where dealing on an agreement based on telex communication between parties, it was held that it was not until the message of acceptance was received by the offeror until the contract is deemed perfected or complete. Lord Denning, Master of the Rolls, provided that if a notice of withdrawal was sent during business hours, the withdrawal was effective as of the time it was received by the telex machine, regardless if the other party received it or not based on their own neglect.4 In our case it is obvious that after a number of days without confirmation of the request, Simon sent a telefax canceling his order on Tuesday, a day before there was a valid acceptance from the wholesaler. Hence, he had all the right to revoke his primary offer to purchase the coffee makers since there was no acceptance yet made, there was no contract yet perfected or created at that time. The telefax remains open to receive messages, there was also no confirmation made by the wholesaler that the request to purchase their product was even accepted, in addition to that there was no consideration or payment made. Simon had timely withdrawn his offer before any contract was created, hence he will not be liable for any demand based on breach of a contract that was never effective. The use of disclaimers in shops or place of business is generally allowed by law, but the rule is not absolute, as it does not include responsibility for negligence as provided in the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977. Simon cannot rely on his general disclaimer from preventing himself to be sued based on negligence that resulted to damages. The law provides that although disclaimers are allowed, it cannot be made or put in general terms as to limit the liability of the owner in every case, as the limited liability depends on the nature of the obl igation and must be reasonable as not to cause boundless responsibilities. It was held in the case of Staples v West Dorset District Council (1995) 5that a disclaimer or notice to be valid must renounce responsibility based on specific issues6. In this case, Simon posted a notice renouncing all responsibility for

Discuss the regulatory intervention that took place in the US post Assignment

Discuss the regulatory intervention that took place in the US post 2008 crisis - Assignment Example ..13 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform- Credit Agency Reforms†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...14 Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..18 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..18 Abstract Policies are most essential feature within the government of any nation and their implementation is required to be foolproof for the development of nations. The great financial crisis which took place in United States in 2008 was the most dangerous crisis after the Great Depression in 1930. One of the major reasons for the financial crisis has been due to the policy crunch and implementation failure. After crisis broke , regulatory intervention has been made with a stringent manner by the US government. The paper deals with the policy intervention by the Federal government of United States of America post crisis of 2008. Focus is entailed majorly on the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform directed towards neutralizing the crisis situation. Introduction The Nobel Laureate and American economist Milton Friedman stated that the policies should be such that they should not be evaluated by their agendas or intentions but by their outcomes1. The worst financial crisis striking the United States of America (U.S.) in the herald of 2008 after Great Depression in 19302 made a perpetual adverse impression on the global economy and can be deemed primarily as a collapse of policy and regulatory interventions. Financial crisis with imprudent policy ramifications led to the loss of 8 million jobs, business failure, stupendously declining house process3, and wiping away personal savings of people leaving the global eco nomy and especially the US economy in a complete jeopardy4. The importance of policies is highly significant in the sense that regulation, policy formulations and their subsequent implications directly correlate with their effect5. Now it is also to be noted that according to common conscience where there is right, presence of wrong is indispensable. By assuming the financial crisis as a wrong and faulty mechanism, it is essential to analyze the policy formulation and their implementations as an endeavor to stabilize the economic conditions post crisis. It is required to realize that the new policies thus developed as coping strategies are fruitful to what extent or it is required to know the time frame in which the economy has been able to stabilize and reach a position of strong financial ground. This will help to realize the effectiveness and dynamism of policies6 But first of all it is strongly imperative to explore the causes that led to crisis generation. A wide array of facto rs, led to the generation of this financial crisis and to name a few of them are housing sector crash, credit mania, imperfect economic forecast and so on7. Now these factors are to be explored first and then the analysis of the regulatory intervention is to be analyzed to judge its effectiveness. In this paper the main target is to explore the regulatory

Politics in 1930s Britain Essay Example for Free

Politics in 1930s Britain Essay Why did neither the CPGB nor the BUF have much political impact in 1930s Britain? The early 20th century brought the arrival of political extremism and radical ideologies in Europe. Major economic and social upheaval from WW1 changed the industrial, political and social nature of the countries affected by the war. Political extremism is radical left or right wing parties that want social/political change, usually by unconstitutional means. Communism emerged in Russia with the installation of the Soviet regime, and Fascism arrived in Italy and Germany. In Britain, although the BUF and the CPGB were set up, the economic and political circumstances during the 1930s allowed democracy to survive. To those concerned with British security, the BUF/CPGB were never a real threat, they were rather more of a nuisance. 1 The BUF and CPGB believed they would be able to capitalise on the depression, however this was not the case, as the conditions a revolution needed to prevail were not present in Britain. The economic circumstances in Italy, Germany and Russia, were completely different- the effects of the depression in Europe were more severe, and had more of a lasting effect, whereas Britain had recovered within two or three years. Economic circumstances meant that most people accepted capitalism, as living standards were rising. Demographic change, resulting in major loss of workforce and economic dislocation were other factors which encouraged the installation of dictatorships in Europe. Immigration also caused political/social unrest abroad, for example, in Germany; Jewish immigrants were blamed for the economic state. Britains island status meant that the threat of political extremism was not as concerning as it was in most other parts of mainland Europe. The political scene during the 1930s also meant that people were satisfied- National Government policies were accepted, and most left-wing supporters were content with the Labour party. People accepted democracy and capitalism, and did not need alternatives. British culture, which tended to focus around moderation and democracy, meant that foreign regimes seemed alien to the country. The working-class culture, discouraged extremist expansion as the unemployed tended to be apolitical. Internal problems such as financing and leadership issues also hindered the growth of the BUF/CPGB. However, although internal factors were important in the containment of political extremism in 1930s Britain, British economic circumstances had the greatest impact on the failure of the CPGB and BUF, and the internal problems might have not hindered the growth of extremism in different economic circumstances. Although the impact of political extremism in 1930s Britain was very slight, there is also evidence which suggests that a fairly large amount of loyalty was present. For example, the BUF gained support from the Daily Mail, and the communist newspaper the Daily Worker had a large readership. Membership figures for the Left Book Club also suggest the CPGB had some backing. The main factors concerning the failure of political extremism in 1930s Britain can be divided into two sections; external and internal causes. External factors concern the economic/political circumstances which prevented the installation of a dictatorship, and internal factors are problems encountered within the parties. The recovery from the depression was much less traumatic in Britain. Many saw the 1930s as a time of extreme poverty, however for the larger majority, this was not the case, and affluence was not uncommon. John Stevenson writes: The popular image of the 1930s is that of the decade blighted by the economic depression. Indeed, this is an image based upon reality for the many thousands of families who suffered from the miseries of unemployment. But there was another face to the thirties. As well as being the years of the slump, they also saw a remarkable degree of economic and social advance, with new industries, economic growth, prosperous suburbs and a rising standard of living2 Britain had already suffered from a poor economy during the 1920s- depression was already a permanent feature of the British economy3 Therefore, although the recovery was patchy, i.e. a slight downturn in 1938, Britain was not unfamiliar to the situation. In comparison to Russia/Germany, who suffered from major economic dislocation and hyperinflation, Britain did not fare too badly from the depression. Britains recovery was quicker and a lot more stable than other European countries- there was no banking collapse, and many industries actually inclined. Infact, as Stevenson writes, the outcome of the depression could actually be seen as positive. During the housing boom of 1932-34, living standards increased and the quality of life improved for many. Unemployment levels were relatively low compared to the rest of Europe, with a peak of 2.64m in 1931-324 and real wages increased by 15%. Car production was one of the most significant industrial developments in the 1930s and by 1939 ownership reached 3 million.5 This improved life for many, as the car gave freedom and the possibility of travel. Mass production methods enabled cars to be manufactured cheaper and faster than before, meaning that a basic family car could be purchased for à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½100 in 19316, and this opportunity therefore became available to a wider range of people. Luxury consumer goods e.g. the refrigerator, began appearing in new department stores, and the availability of higher-purchase enabled wider sections of society to afford these. By 1930, 1 in 3 houses also had electricity.7 All these factors contributed to the improvement of living standards and for the majority of the country; there was a mood of affluence and prosperity. As effects of the depression lessened, so did the appeal of an extremist party- people no longer needed radical change, and were satisfied with capitalism. The recovery from the depression came around the same time as the arrival of extremism in Britain- the BUF formed in 1931, by time which the worst part of the depression was over. However, few of the people that were affected by the depression became communist/fascist. Most tended not to foster a class-consciousness, and accepted the capitalist system. The working-class culture meant that the unemployed tended to be apolitical; their interests lay in recreation, sport, religion and job-seeking, and rarely paid attention to the extremist campaign. Therefore, the economic/social situation during the 1930s, meant revolution was not needed- it could even be said that the arrival of political extremism in Britain was a revolution in a non-revolutionary situation.8 Financial satisfaction and an improvement in living/working conditions meant that the public simply did not need an extremist political voice. This denied the BUF/CPGB opportunities for expansion and enabled mainstream political parties to survive. Although the 1931 crisis hit the Labour badly- they were badly defeated in the election (46 seats to the Governments 554 9), the party still held onto core support, as loyalty, from working classes and unemployed, was strong. Labour was a big obstacle to the communists, and denied them space on the political scene. Labour was committed to using moderate policies, and by using the gradualist approach, they believed socialism was achievable if capitalism was prosperous. This theory meant Labour could hold an electorate from a wide range of social classes, not just from the working class. However, most of the working class approved of this approach, and most also accepted capitalism. Labours refusal to affiliate with the CPGB on many opportunities also decreased its support. The CPGBs requests to form a coalition with Labour were rejected on each occasion, mainly due to Labours objection to their constitution program. Unconstitutional action and political extremism were ruled out by Labours firm commitment to parliamentary democracy. Cripps stated- I have always condemned revolutionary means10. Labours rejection of affiliation was influenced by the fact that the CPGB was run from Moscow, which meant if a coalition was formed between the two parties, the public would automatically associate Labour with Russia. As the brutality of the Soviet regime was revealed, i.e. show trials- involving public executions of Stalins enemies-, which were endorsed by the CPGB (the Daily Workers headline read- Shoot the reptiles.11) Labour did not want to be seen by voters as having any contact with this, and wanted to keep its earned image of respectability-connections with this would have greatly lowered their support. Labour was also extremely suspicious of the CPGB and believed that their desire to affiliate was in order to bring the party down and achieve global communist control. Labour worked to marginalize the CPGB, and by using popular and moderate policies such as gradualism, left-wing supporters still remained loyal to them. Again, the economic situation was satisfactory, so for the majority, there was no need to turn to communism. Dominated by Conservatives, the National Government denied the BUF space on the political right. The National Government was extremely popular, and was perhaps able to capitalize on Labours 1931 crisis. The National Government was one of the only British governments that were supported by more than 50% of the electorate.12 Their success was mainly due to the range of people which it drew votes from- they were a coalition of elements from all major democratic parties, and so appealed to almost all sections of society. Therefore, they faced no serious opposition, and again, as Labour did, were able to effectively contain political extremism. Stability and reassurance were offered by the National Government, as they were seen as a safe-option both politically and socially, at a time when communism and the end of capitalism were feared. National Government policies created a modest but steady economic recovery from the depression. One of the main achievements of the National Government was the decision to come off the Gold Standard. This meant a much faster recovery than the rest of Europe as nowhere else had yet done this. Although the outcome of this caused the value of the pound to fall by 30%, it also meant that interest rates fell from 6% to 2%13. This encouraged private investment and industry growth, which inevitably improved the economy. The Special Areas Act provided à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2million in aid to impoverished areas of Britain, (places where the CPGB were most likely to gain support). This therefore increased working class National Government support, and meant there was no need to support the alternative. Another National Government measure was the Unemployment Act of 1934, which created retraining opportunities. This showed the government were aware of Britains problems, and were willing to try to resolve them. All these measures were cautious and small-scale, and although they did not lead to complete economic recovery, they certainly helped soften the impact of the depression. The publics perception of the National Government and its policies/actions, tended to be positive. Again, they were seen as a safe-option, and appealed to all sections of society. The National Governments Public Order Act in 1936, also increased the containment of political extremism in Britain, and in particular decreased BUF growth. This legislation banned the wearing of political uniforms during rallies and marches, and also required police consent for marches to take place. Uniforms gave a common identity and a sense of belonging, and so after the Public Order Act, the desired impact of the rallies was not as great. In general the National Government reduced the appeal of political extremism, as people did not need to turn to other parties. They also denied right wing support to fascism. Enough was already being done by the government to improve the economic situation, and in particularly the living conditions of the very poor, so an alternative was not needed. The National Government derived from all parts of the democratic parliamentary system, and so appealed to a broad section of society. The political and economic circumstances described in the last three sections all added to the containment of political extremism during the 1930s. Together, the Labour party and the National Government refused to let democracy collapse. However, this was compounded by the approach of the BUF/CPGB (e.g. non-democratic) and their own weaknesses. One of the problems the CPGB faced was its lack of a well-known, charismatic leader. Although Dutt and Pollit were the partys chief theoreticians, they lacked charisma and the ability to draw mass support from speeches, as Lenin/Stalin did. Violence and street clashes, particularly with fascists, gave the party a bad name, as this kind of behavior tended to be alien to British culture- politics had always been moderate and democratic, and the majority of the public opposed unconstitutional action. The failure of the CPGBs united front strategy, and attempts at affiliating with Labour against the radical right, was also a factor that decreased the impact of communism. Labour were very popular and many held strong loyalties towards them, and so if Labour held opposition, the public were likely to foster similar opinions. The CPGB were controlled from Moscow, and links with the Soviet Union decreased support. A red scare in Britain meant that the CPGB received extremely bad publicity, after the harsh Soviet regime was revealed. The 1939 Nazi-Soviet Pact also lost the CPGB support, as many felt they were affiliating with the enemy- the fascists. Britains patriotism also decreased CPGB support, as on the eve of WW2, supporting them meant also supporting the enemies in the war- Germany/Russia. Internal problems for the BUF also led to failure. Mosleys limitations as a leader hindered the BUFs expansion, as he was a poor tactician and administrator. Mosley lacked financial understanding, and his stubborn and egoistic personality compounded this. He was also politically unstable- he resigned from Labour in 1930 after already having left the Coalition Unionists. Mosleys behavior was alien to Britain and its parliamentary traditions, as was the violence of the BUF which also led to its demise. Street clashes, where some people even died, produced bad publicity for the party- the media blamed the BUF for the violence at Olympia in 1934. It was at this time that the Daily Mail withdrew support, which meant that public respectability was lost. Associations with continental fascism- particularly Hitlers regime- and anti-Semitism propaganda, also lost the BUF public respectability and support as it meant that by supporting the BUF the public would also be supporting Germany. Financing was also a significant problem, as the BUF were always short of money, which was made worse in 1937, as loans from Mussolini were withdrawn. Divisions within the party also led to the partys failure- members disagreed over strategy- e.g. whether to adopt a military or political approach. Despite remaining on the political margins, the CPGB/BUF did have some notable successes. The BUF secured Daily Mail support from early on, and the Olympia rallies always attracted large audiences. BUF membership peaked at 50,000 in 1934,14 and CPGB membership had reached 18,000 by 1939.15 In 1929, 25 CPGB candidates were entered into the election, and received 56,000 votes16. The communist newspaper, the Daily Worker had an average circulation of 80,000.17 The CPGB also held support from a number of influential intellectuals, for example, Cambridge spies Philby, Burgess and Maclean, and poets such as W.H Auden. The CPGB also had some influence in trade unions, and by 1939, the Left Book Club had 60,000 members.18 The economic situation in Britain was the most important factor in the containment of extremism. The rise of living standards, real wages and industrial production gave Britain a positive outlook, at a time when the rest of Europe seemed to be in an economic disaster. The economic circumstances meant there was no room on the political scene for radicalism- the public were satisfied with the capitalist system, and favored moderation and democracy. Political circumstances were equally important in the containment of extremism. Without a successful government, which the National Government proved themselves to be, the economic situation may have been entirely different, and may have encouraged the installation of a dictatorship. Despite slow progress, the National Government was eventually able to steer Britain out of an economic crisis. Britains public appeared to have great confidence in its leaders, and traditional British political methods and democracy succeeded. If the government had not been as successful however, perhaps the BUF/CPGB may have had more political impact. Although important, internal problems within the CPGB/BUF, are of lesser significance. If the economic/political circumstances were different, these problems may not have hindered the growth of the parties. An economic situation similar to Europe, may have caused people to be desperate for a political/social change, without paying attention to problems suffered by the CPGB/BUF such as leadership and financing. However, with better tactics and administration, both parties may have made a greater impact on the 1930s political scene. 1 Colin Cook, British Fascism, Modern History Review p2 2 Stevenson, John and Cook, Chris, Britain in the Depression- Society and Politics 1929-39 Longman p15 3 Rees, Goronwy, The Great Slump, Weidenfeld N p40 4 Class handout 5 Stevenson, John and Cook, Chris, Britain in the Depression- Society and Politics 1929-39 Longman p33 6 Stevenson, John and Cook, Chris, Britain in the Depression- Society and Politics 1929-39 Longman p33 7 Class handouts- The British economy in the 1920s 8 Pearce, Robert, Britain- Domestic Politics 1918-39 Hodder Stoughten p112 9 Murphy, Derek, Britain 1914-2000 Collins Educational p83

Gangster Life Portrayed in the Movie, Scarface :: Movie Film Essays

Gangster Life Portrayed in the Movie, Scarface As an exile from Communist Cuba, †¦.Montana†¦wha you say? You say wrong Scarface? Maybe I say you wrong, man. Maybe I say you in wrong place at wrong time chico. Maybe I no even speak to you, maybe I let someone else talk. I got someone you should meet. Say hello to my lil’ frie†¦. I’m sorry, let me start over. There is a thin line that exists between the depiction of a villain and a gangster that Hollywood has mastered walking on. While villains and gangsters may do many of the same things in movies, like stealing and killing, they each do them for different reasons. Villains enjoy crime because that is what gets them off; some may feel they are doing society a favor, like Uncle Charlie in Hitchcock’s Shadow of a Doubt, and others are more simply portrayed as naturally evil or mentally ill. But Gangsters are doing what they do for something American society can relate to—to make a living and, ultimately, get to the top. This â€Å"business† aspect of organized crime is what the movie industry has latched on to in the Gangster genre. In Scarface, Tony Camonte is in the business of selling beer to the town watering holes. Of course, he doesn’t so much sell the beer as force it on the bar owners at jacked up prices. And just like any other business, there is competition for dominance in the market. And for this dominance, or rather monopoly, ringleaders do not think twice about taking their competition out – not by buying them out or forcing them into bankruptcy, but by sending a squad out to murder them. Like most things captured on film for the purpose of being marketed, the richness of gangster life, with sex, money, and power in surplus, is glorified, and thus embraced by the audience. And as a rule, if something works Hollywood repeats it, ala a genre. What Scarface and Little Caesar did was ultimately create a genre assigning powerful qualities to criminals. Such sensationalism started with the newspapers who maybe added a little more color here and there to sell a few more copies, which is portrayed in Scarface’s two newspaper office scenes. Leo Braudy denounces genres as offending â€Å"our most common definition of artistic excellence† by simply following a predetermined equation of repetition of character and plot. However, Thomas Schatz argues that many variations of plot can exist within the â€Å"arena† that the rules of the genre provide. Gangster Life Portrayed in the Movie, Scarface :: Movie Film Essays Gangster Life Portrayed in the Movie, Scarface As an exile from Communist Cuba, †¦.Montana†¦wha you say? You say wrong Scarface? Maybe I say you wrong, man. Maybe I say you in wrong place at wrong time chico. Maybe I no even speak to you, maybe I let someone else talk. I got someone you should meet. Say hello to my lil’ frie†¦. I’m sorry, let me start over. There is a thin line that exists between the depiction of a villain and a gangster that Hollywood has mastered walking on. While villains and gangsters may do many of the same things in movies, like stealing and killing, they each do them for different reasons. Villains enjoy crime because that is what gets them off; some may feel they are doing society a favor, like Uncle Charlie in Hitchcock’s Shadow of a Doubt, and others are more simply portrayed as naturally evil or mentally ill. But Gangsters are doing what they do for something American society can relate to—to make a living and, ultimately, get to the top. This â€Å"business† aspect of organized crime is what the movie industry has latched on to in the Gangster genre. In Scarface, Tony Camonte is in the business of selling beer to the town watering holes. Of course, he doesn’t so much sell the beer as force it on the bar owners at jacked up prices. And just like any other business, there is competition for dominance in the market. And for this dominance, or rather monopoly, ringleaders do not think twice about taking their competition out – not by buying them out or forcing them into bankruptcy, but by sending a squad out to murder them. Like most things captured on film for the purpose of being marketed, the richness of gangster life, with sex, money, and power in surplus, is glorified, and thus embraced by the audience. And as a rule, if something works Hollywood repeats it, ala a genre. What Scarface and Little Caesar did was ultimately create a genre assigning powerful qualities to criminals. Such sensationalism started with the newspapers who maybe added a little more color here and there to sell a few more copies, which is portrayed in Scarface’s two newspaper office scenes. Leo Braudy denounces genres as offending â€Å"our most common definition of artistic excellence† by simply following a predetermined equation of repetition of character and plot. However, Thomas Schatz argues that many variations of plot can exist within the â€Å"arena† that the rules of the genre provide.

Media Influence on Society Essay

Media Influence on Society Introduction In the last 50 years the media influence has grown exponentially with the advance of technology, first there was the telegraph, then the radio, the newspaper, magazines, television and now the internet. We live in a society that depends on information and communication to keep moving in the right direction and do our daily activities like work, entertainment, health care, education, personal relationships, traveling and anything else that we have to do. Media is the most powerful tool of communication. It helps promoting the right things on right time. It gives a real exposure to the mass audience about what is right or wrong. Even though media is linked with spreading fake news like a fire, but on the safe side, it helps a lot to inform us about the realities as well. Media has a constructive role to play for the society. Today News Channels and even some Newspapers are mouthpiece of some social issues, which helps us to estimate the realities of lives. Media has played an important role in order to focus on the social issues in almost every era. It is the fact that in most of the eras, media were not being given free and fair chances to explore the issues of society more openly than it is being given now; but we can’t deny this fact that the issues were always raised in order to provide justice to the people. Influence of media on children Television can be a powerful entertainment and education tool for children given the right programming. However, studies have shown that television, and media in general, can also have a very negative influence. Some studies indicate it can shorten attention span, distort body image, work in conjunction with other factors to escalate obesity, create fear, and increase aggressive and anti-social behaviors if exposure is unmonitored and unlimited.

Frances Ellen Watkins Harper Poet and Abolitionist

Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, a 19th century African American woman writer, lecturer, and  abolitionist,  who continued to work after the Civil War for racial justice.     She was also an advocate of  womens rights  and was a member of the  American Woman Suffrage Association. The writings of Frances Watkins Harper were often focused on themes of racial justice, equality, and freedom.  She lived from September 24, 1825 to February 20, 1911. Early Life Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, born to free black parents, was orphaned by the age of three, and was raised by an aunt and uncle. She studied Bible, literature, and public speaking at a school founded by her uncle, William Watkins Academy for Negro Youth. At 14, she needed to work, but could only find jobs in domestic service and as a seamstress. She published her first volume of poetry in Baltimore about 1845, Forest Leaves or Autumn Leaves, but no copies are now known to exist. Fugitive Slave Act Watkins moved from Maryland, a slave state, to Ohio, a free state in 1850, the year of the Fugitive Slave Act. In Ohio she taught domestic science as the first woman faculty member at Union Seminary, an African Methodist Episcopal (AME) school which later was merged into Wilberforce University. A new law in 1853 prohibited any free black persons from re-entering Maryland. In 1854, she moved to Pennsylvania for a teaching job in Little York. The next year she moved to Philadelphia. During these years, she became involved in the anti-slavery movement and with the Underground Railroad. Lectures and Poetry Watkins  lectured frequently on abolitionism in New England, the Midwest, and California, and also published poetry in magazines and newspapers. Her Poems on Miscellaneous Subjects, published in 1854 with a preface by abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison, sold more than 10,000 copies and was reissued and reprinted several times. Marriage and Family In 1860, Watkins  married Fenton Harper in Cincinnati, and they bought a farm in Ohio and had a daughter, Mary. Fenton died in 1864, and Frances returned to lecturing, financing the tour herself and taking her daughter with her. After the Civil War: Equal Rights Frances Harper visited the South and saw the appalling conditions, especially of black women, of Reconstruction. She lectured on the need for equal rights for the Colored Race and also on rights for women. She founded YMCA Sunday Schools, and she was a leader in the Womens Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). She joined the American Equal Rights Association and the American Womens Suffrage Association, working with the branch of the womens movement that worked for both racial and womens equality. Including Black Women In 1893, a group of women gathered in connection with the Worlds Fair as the Worlds Congress of Representative Women. Harper joined with others including Fannie Barrier Williams to charge those organizing the gathering with excluding African American women. Harpers address at the Columbian Exposition was on Womens Political Future. Realizing the virtual exclusion of black women from the suffrage movement, Frances Ellen Watkins Harper joined with others to form the National Association of Colored Women. She became the first vice-president of the organization. Mary E. Harper never married, and worked with her mother as well as lecturing and teaching. She died in 1909. Though Frances Harper was frequently ill and unable to sustain her travels and lecturing, she refused offers of help. Death and Legacy Frances Ellen Watkins Harper died in Philadelphia in 1911. In an obituary, W.E.B. duBois said that it was for her attempts to forward literature among colored people that Frances Harper deserves to be remembered.... She took her writing soberly and earnestly, she gave her life to it. Her work was largely neglected and forgotten until she was rediscovered in the late 20th century. More Frances Ellen Watkins Harper Facts Organizations: National Association of Colored Women, Womens Christian Temperance Union, American Equal Rights Association, YMCA Sabbath School Also known as:  Frances E. W. Harper, Effie Afton Religion: Unitarian Selected  Quotations We may be able to tell the story of departed nations and conquering chieftains who have added pages of tears and blood to the worlds history; but our education is deficient if we are perfectly ignorant how to guide the little feet that are springing up so gladly in our path, and to see in undeveloped possibilities gold more fine than the pavements of heaven and gems more precious than the foundations of the holy city.Oh,  could slavery exist long if it did not sit on a commercial throne?We want more soul, a higher cultivation of all spiritual faculties. We need more unselfishness, earnestness, and integrity. We need men and women whose hearts are the homes of high and lofty enthusiasm and a noble devotion to the cause of emancipation, who are ready and willing to lay time, talent, and money on the altar of universal freedom.This is a common cause; and if there is any burden to be borne in the Anti-Slavery cause—anything to be done to weaken our hateful chains or assert our m anhood and womanhood, I have a right to do my share of the work.The true aim of female education should be, not a development of one or two, but all the faculties of the human soul, because no perfect womanhood is developed by imperfect culture.†Every mother should endeavor to be a true artist.The work of the mothers of our race is grandly constructive. It is for us to build above the wreck and ruin of the past more stately temples of thought and action. Some races have been overthrown, dashed in pieces, and destroyed; but to-day the world is needing, fainting, for something better than the results of arrogance, aggressiveness, and indomitable power. We need mothers who are capable of being character builders, patient, loving, strong, and true, whose homes will be uplifting power in the race. This is one of the greatest needs of the hour.No race can afford to neglect the enlightenment of its mothers.The moment the crown of motherhood falls on the brow of a young wife, God give s her a new interest in the welfare of the home and the good of society.I do not think the mere extension of the ballot a panacea for all the ills of our national life. What we need to-day is not simply more voters, but better voters.I envy neither the heart nor the head of any legislator who has been born to an inheritance of privileges, who has behind him ages of education, dominion, civilization, and Christianity, if he stands opposed to the passage of a national education bill, whose purpose is to secure education to the children of those who were born under the shadow of institutions which made it a crime to read.Apparent failure may hold in its rough shell the germs of a success that will blossom in time, and bear fruit throughout eternity.My lectures have met with success....  My voice was not wanting in strength,  as I am aware of, to reach pretty well over the house.I never saw so clearly the nature and intent of the  Constitution  before. Oh, was it not strangely i nconsistent that men fresh, so fresh, from the baptism of the Revolution should make such concessions to the foul spirit of Despotism! that, when fresh from gaining their own liberty, they could permit the African slave trade—could let their national flag hang a sign of death on Guineas coast and Congos shore! Twenty-one years the slave-ships of the Republic could gorge the sea monsters with their prey; twenty-one years of mourning and desolation for the children of the tropics, to gratify the avarice and cupidity of men styling themselves free! And then the dark intent of the fugitive clause veiled under words so specious that a stranger unacquainted with our nefarious government would not know that such a thing was meant by it.   Alas for these fatal concessions. (1859?)[letter to John Brown, November 25, 1859]   Dear Friend: Although the hands of Slavery throw a barrier between you and me, and it may not be my privilege to see you in your prison-house, Virginia has no bolts or bars through which I dread to send you my sympathy.   In the name of the young girl sold from the warm clasp of a mothers arms to the clutches of a libertine or a profligate,—in the name of the slave mother, her heart rocked to and fro by the agony of her mournful separations,—I thank you, that you have been brave enough to reach out your hands to the crushed and blighted of my race.Oh, how I miss New England,—the sunshine of its homes and the freedom of its hills!   When I return again, I shall perhaps love it more dearly than ever.... Dear old New England! It was there kindness encompassed my path; it was there kind voices made their music in my ear. The home of my childhood, the burial-place of my kindred, is not as dear to me as New England.